Enhance Your Learning with Hundred Years War Flash Cards for quick revision
A series of conflicts fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453, primarily over territorial disputes and the claim to the French throne.
The main causes include territorial disputes, dynastic claims, economic conflicts, and the desire for political power.
Notable battles include the Battle of Crécy, the Battle of Poitiers, and the Battle of Agincourt.
Prominent figures include Edward III, Henry V, Joan of Arc, and Charles VII.
The Treaty of Brétigny, the Treaty of Troyes, and the Treaty of Picquigny were significant agreements during the war.
The war had profound effects on European politics, economy, and society, leading to changes in feudalism, nationalism, and warfare.
Strategies employed included longbow archery, siege warfare, and the use of mercenaries.
The war resulted in population decline, economic devastation, and social upheaval in both England and France.
Advancements in weaponry and armor, such as plate armor and gunpowder, emerged during the war.
The war influenced literature, art, and architecture, with the emergence of chivalric romances and Gothic architecture.
The war marked the end of medieval feudalism and contributed to the rise of nation-states and centralized monarchies.
A major English victory in 1346, where the longbow played a crucial role in defeating the French army.
A significant battle in 1356, resulting in the capture of the French king, John II, by the English.
A famous English victory in 1415, led by Henry V, against a larger French army.
King of England from 1327 to 1377, known for his claim to the French throne and initiating the Hundred Years War.
King of England from 1413 to 1422, famous for his military successes, including the Battle of Agincourt.
A French peasant girl who played a pivotal role in the war, inspiring French troops and helping secure French victories.
King of France from 1422 to 1461, who successfully resisted English attempts to claim the French throne.
A treaty signed in 1360, temporarily ending the first phase of the war and granting territorial concessions to England.
A treaty signed in 1420, recognizing Henry V as the heir to the French throne and disinheriting Charles VI's son.
A treaty signed in 1475, ending the war and establishing a lasting peace between England and France.
A medieval social and economic system based on the exchange of land for military service, which declined during the war.
A sense of pride and loyalty towards one's nation, which grew during the war as people identified with their respective countries.
A powerful English weapon used in the war, capable of piercing armor and causing significant casualties.
The tactic of surrounding and blockading a fortified city or castle to force its surrender, commonly used during the war.
Hired soldiers who fought for pay, often employed by both sides during the war to supplement their armies.
The war led to a decline in population due to casualties, famine, and disease, causing long-term demographic consequences.
The war disrupted trade, agriculture, and industry, resulting in economic decline and hardship for both England and France.
Heavy armor made of metal plates, providing better protection for knights and soldiers during the war.
An explosive substance that revolutionized warfare, first used in Europe during the later stages of the war.
Literary works romanticizing knights and their adventures, popular during the war and reflecting the ideals of chivalry.
An architectural style characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, flourishing during the war.