Matrices And Determinants Study Cards

Enhance Your Learning with Matrices and Determinants Flash Cards for quick learning



Matrix

A rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns.

Row

A horizontal line of elements in a matrix.

Column

A vertical line of elements in a matrix.

Square Matrix

A matrix with an equal number of rows and columns.

Identity Matrix

A square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere.

Transpose of a Matrix

A matrix obtained by interchanging its rows with columns.

Addition of Matrices

The operation of combining two matrices by adding corresponding elements.

Scalar Multiplication

The operation of multiplying a matrix by a scalar (a single number).

Multiplication of Matrices

The operation of combining two matrices by multiplying corresponding elements and summing the products.

Determinant

A scalar value associated with a square matrix, used to determine properties and solutions.

Cofactor

A scalar value associated with a specific element of a matrix, used in the calculation of determinants.

Minor

A determinant obtained by deleting the row and column containing a specific element of a matrix.

Adjoint of a Matrix

A matrix obtained by taking the transpose of the matrix of cofactors.

Inverse of a Matrix

A matrix that, when multiplied by the original matrix, gives the identity matrix.

Cramer's Rule

A method for solving a system of linear equations using determinants.

Eigenvalue

A scalar value that represents a factor by which a matrix stretches or compresses a vector.

Eigenvector

A non-zero vector that, when multiplied by a matrix, results in a scalar multiple of itself.

Diagonalizable Matrix

A matrix that can be expressed as a product of three matrices: P, D, and P^-1, where D is a diagonal matrix.

Symmetric Matrix

A square matrix that is equal to its transpose.

Skew-Symmetric Matrix

A square matrix that is equal to the negation of its transpose.

Orthogonal Matrix

A square matrix whose transpose is equal to its inverse.

Eigen decomposition

The process of expressing a matrix as a product of eigenvectors and eigenvalues.

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)

The process of expressing a matrix as a product of three matrices: U, Σ, and V^T, where U and V are orthogonal matrices and Σ is a diagonal matrix.

Rank of a Matrix

The maximum number of linearly independent rows or columns in a matrix.

Null Space

The set of all vectors that, when multiplied by a matrix, result in the zero vector.

Row Space

The set of all linear combinations of the rows of a matrix.

Column Space

The set of all linear combinations of the columns of a matrix.

Orthogonal Complement

The set of all vectors that are orthogonal to a given subspace.

Projection Matrix

A matrix that projects vectors onto a subspace.

Least Squares Approximation

A method for finding the best-fit solution to an overdetermined system of equations.

Positive Definite Matrix

A symmetric matrix that has positive eigenvalues.

Positive Semidefinite Matrix

A symmetric matrix that has non-negative eigenvalues.

Negative Definite Matrix

A symmetric matrix that has negative eigenvalues.

Negative Semidefinite Matrix

A symmetric matrix that has non-positive eigenvalues.

Hermitian Matrix

A square matrix that is equal to its conjugate transpose.

Unitary Matrix

A square matrix whose conjugate transpose is equal to its inverse.

Orthogonal Diagonalization

The process of expressing a Hermitian matrix as a product of eigenvectors and eigenvalues.

Singular Matrix

A square matrix that does not have an inverse.

Determinant of a 2x2 Matrix

The product of the main diagonal elements minus the product of the off-diagonal elements.

Determinant of a 3x3 Matrix

The sum of the products of each element with its cofactor.

Determinant of a 4x4 Matrix

The sum of the products of each element with its cofactor.

Determinant of a Diagonal Matrix

The product of the diagonal elements.

Determinant of an Upper Triangular Matrix

The product of the diagonal elements.

Determinant of a Lower Triangular Matrix

The product of the diagonal elements.

Determinant of a Block Diagonal Matrix

The product of the determinants of the diagonal blocks.

Determinant of a Transpose

The determinant of a matrix is equal to the determinant of its transpose.

Determinant of a Product

The product of the determinants of two matrices is equal to the determinant of their product.

Determinant of an Inverse

The determinant of a matrix is equal to the reciprocal of the determinant of its inverse.

Determinant of a Scalar Multiple

The determinant of a scalar multiple of a matrix is equal to the scalar raised to the power of the matrix's dimension multiplied by the determinant of the original matrix.

Determinant of a Sum

The determinant of the sum of two matrices is equal to the sum of their determinants.

Determinant of a Difference

The determinant of the difference of two matrices is equal to the difference of their determinants.

Determinant of an Exponent

The determinant of a matrix raised to a power is equal to the determinant of the matrix raised to that power.

Determinant of a Zero Matrix

The determinant of a zero matrix is equal to zero.

Determinant of an Identity Matrix

The determinant of an identity matrix is equal to one.

Determinant of a Block Matrix

The determinant of a block matrix is equal to the product of the determinants of its diagonal blocks.

Determinant of a Triangular Matrix

The determinant of a triangular matrix is equal to the product of its diagonal elements.

Determinant of a Skew-Symmetric Matrix

The determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix is equal to zero.

Determinant of a Symmetric Matrix

The determinant of a symmetric matrix is equal to the product of its eigenvalues.

Determinant of a Hermitian Matrix

The determinant of a Hermitian matrix is equal to the product of its eigenvalues.

Determinant of a Unitary Matrix

The determinant of a unitary matrix is equal to the product of its eigenvalues, which have unit modulus.

Determinant of a Positive Definite Matrix

The determinant of a positive definite matrix is positive.

Determinant of a Positive Semidefinite Matrix

The determinant of a positive semidefinite matrix is non-negative.

Determinant of a Negative Definite Matrix

The determinant of a negative definite matrix is negative.

Determinant of a Negative Semidefinite Matrix

The determinant of a negative semidefinite matrix is non-positive.

Determinant of a Singular Matrix

The determinant of a singular matrix is equal to zero.