Enhance Your Learning with Genocide and Human Rights Flash Cards for quick learning
The deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
Fundamental rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled, regardless of their nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, or other status.
The body of international law that protects and promotes human rights at the global level, including treaties, conventions, and customary law.
The systematic genocide of six million Jews by Nazi Germany during World War II, along with the persecution and murder of millions of other groups.
The 1994 genocide in Rwanda, where an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed by extremist Hutus within a span of 100 days.
The systematic extermination of 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during World War I, considered the first modern genocide.
The mass killing and persecution of an estimated 1.7 million Cambodians by the Khmer Rouge regime under Pol Pot's leadership from 1975 to 1979.
The genocide committed against Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) during the Bosnian War (1992-1995), where an estimated 8,000 men and boys were killed in Srebrenica.
The ongoing genocide in the Darfur region of Sudan, where government forces and militias have targeted ethnic groups, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths.
Efforts and strategies aimed at preventing and stopping genocides, including early warning systems, diplomatic pressure, economic sanctions, and military interventions.
Actions that infringe upon or deny basic human rights, such as torture, arbitrary detention, discrimination, censorship, and restrictions on freedom of expression.
Official bodies established in post-conflict societies to investigate human rights violations, promote healing, and facilitate reconciliation through truth-telling and justice.
The set of judicial and non-judicial measures implemented in societies transitioning from conflict or repression to address past human rights abuses.
Military or non-military actions taken by external actors to protect civilians and alleviate human suffering in situations of armed conflict or humanitarian crisis.
International or domestic courts established to prosecute individuals responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law during armed conflicts.
Widespread and systematic acts committed as part of a government policy or plan, targeting a civilian population and constituting grave violations of human rights.
The denial or distortion of historical facts and evidence related to genocides, often used as a tool to perpetuate hatred, discrimination, and revisionist narratives.
Physical sites, monuments, or museums dedicated to remembering and honoring the victims of genocides, preserving their memory, and educating future generations.
Efforts to educate individuals about genocides, their causes, consequences, and prevention, aiming to promote awareness, empathy, and a commitment to human rights.
The intersection of gender and genocide, examining how gender-based violence, sexual violence, and gender roles contribute to the perpetration and experience of genocides.
The targeting and persecution of indigenous peoples as part of genocidal acts, often driven by colonialism, land dispossession, and cultural assimilation policies.
The deliberate removal, displacement, or extermination of an ethnic, racial, or religious group from a particular geographic area, often involving violence and forced migration.
The role of colonial powers in perpetrating or enabling genocidal acts through policies of domination, exploitation, cultural assimilation, and land dispossession.
The connection between genocides and nationalist ideologies, where the exclusion or elimination of certain groups is justified based on notions of ethnic or national purity.
The use of mass communication and manipulation techniques to spread ideologies, stereotypes, and hatred, often leading to dehumanization and justification for genocidal acts.
Verbal or written expressions that incite violence, discrimination, or hostility towards individuals or groups based on their race, ethnicity, religion, or other characteristics.
The coerced removal or expulsion of individuals or groups from their homes or territories as a result of genocidal acts, often leading to refugee crises and statelessness.
The displacement of individuals or groups who flee their home countries due to genocidal acts, seeking safety and protection in other countries or refugee camps.
The provision of assistance, resources, and support to populations affected by genocides, aiming to alleviate suffering, restore dignity, and promote resilience.
The role of media in shaping public opinion, disseminating propaganda, reporting on genocidal acts, and influencing international responses to prevent or intervene in genocides.
The collective remembrance and commemoration of genocides, including the preservation of survivor testimonies, historical records, and cultural heritage related to genocidal acts.
The pursuit of legal accountability for individuals responsible for genocidal acts, ensuring that perpetrators are held responsible and victims receive justice and reparations.
Efforts to heal and rebuild societies affected by genocides, fostering dialogue, understanding, and forgiveness among different groups to prevent future conflicts.
Compensation, restitution, and rehabilitation measures provided to victims and affected communities of genocides, aiming to address the harm and promote healing.
The principle that individuals, including political leaders and military officials, should be held accountable for their involvement in genocidal acts and human rights violations.
The role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in prosecuting individuals accused of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes committed within its jurisdiction.
The role of the United Nations in preventing, condemning, and responding to genocides through resolutions, peacekeeping missions, and international cooperation.
The principle that states have a responsibility to protect their populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity, and that the international community has a responsibility to assist them in fulfilling this duty.
Individuals, organizations, and movements dedicated to raising awareness, advocating for human rights, and preventing genocides through activism, campaigns, and lobbying.
Societies undergoing political, social, and economic transitions after periods of conflict or repression, often grappling with the legacies of genocides and seeking justice and reconciliation.
Efforts to rebuild and develop societies affected by genocides, addressing root causes of conflicts, promoting peace, and ensuring the protection of human rights.
Activities and processes aimed at preventing the recurrence of violence, promoting social cohesion, and fostering sustainable peace in societies affected by genocides.
Efforts to address and resolve conflicts that have the potential to escalate into genocidal acts, through negotiation, mediation, and peaceful means of dispute resolution.
The interdisciplinary field of study that examines genocides, their causes, consequences, and prevention, drawing on history, political science, sociology, psychology, and other disciplines.
The collective remembrance and interpretation of genocides within societies, shaping national narratives, identity formation, and historical consciousness.
The shared memory and commemoration of genocides within communities, fostering a sense of belonging, solidarity, and resilience in the face of past traumas.
The impact of genocides on individual and group identities, including the construction of victimhood, survivor narratives, and the preservation of cultural heritage.