Enhance Your Learning with Parliamentary Systems Flash Cards for quick learning
A system of government where the executive branch is accountable to the legislature, and the head of government is usually a member of the legislature.
A type of parliamentary system derived from the United Kingdom, characterized by a strong executive branch and a two-house legislature.
Parliamentary systems have their roots in medieval England, where the King's Council evolved into a representative body known as Parliament.
Parliamentary systems perform functions such as legislation, representation, oversight, and formation of the government.
Key characteristics include fusion of powers, collective responsibility, majority rule, and the role of the prime minister.
Different types include the Westminster system, federal parliamentary systems, and semi-presidential systems.
Advantages include stability, flexibility, accountability, and the ability to quickly respond to crises.
Disadvantages include potential for gridlock, dominance of the majority party, and lack of separation of powers.
Comparison between parliamentary systems and presidential systems, highlighting differences in executive-legislative relations.
Examples include the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Australia, India, and Japan, each with their own variations.
Examining how parliamentary systems operate in practice, including coalition governments and party discipline.
The development and evolution of parliamentary systems over time, influenced by historical, political, and social factors.
A parliament with two separate chambers, such as the House of Commons and the House of Lords in the United Kingdom.
A parliamentary procedure where the legislature expresses its lack of confidence in the government, potentially leading to its resignation.
A period during parliamentary sessions where members of the legislature can question the government and hold it accountable.
A group of senior government ministers responsible for policy-making and advising the head of government in a parliamentary system.
A government formed by multiple political parties working together to achieve a majority in the legislature.
Members of the legislature who do not hold ministerial or leadership positions, often representing their constituents' interests.
The ceremonial and symbolic representative of a country, separate from the head of government in parliamentary systems.
The leader of the executive branch in a parliamentary system, usually the prime minister or chancellor.
A parliamentary procedure where the legislature expresses its support for the government, ensuring its continuation in power.
A form of government where a monarch serves as the head of state within the parameters of a constitution.
The principle that the legislative body is supreme and can make or change laws without external interference.
A member of a political party responsible for ensuring party discipline and maintaining voting cohesion in the legislature.
A group of opposition party members who mirror the roles and responsibilities of the government's cabinet.
An electoral system where seats in the legislature are allocated based on the proportion of votes received by each political party.
An electoral system where the candidate with the most votes in a constituency wins, regardless of the proportion of votes received.
The principle that government ministers are individually and collectively responsible for their actions and decisions.
Specialized groups within the legislature that focus on specific areas of policy-making and oversight.
Legal immunities and rights granted to members of the legislature to ensure their independence and freedom of speech.
A form of government where the executive branch is accountable to the legislature, and the legislature is elected by the people.
Political parties or members of the legislature who are not part of the government, providing alternative viewpoints and scrutiny.
The process of electing members of the legislature in a parliamentary system, often through a general election.
The political party or coalition with the most seats in the legislature, usually forming the government.
Political parties or members of the legislature who do not have a majority, often forming the opposition.